Public knowledge, awareness and perception of gut microbiome and FMT (MRT) in Singapore

Lim, L. W. Z., Toh, K. Y., Cook, A. R., Lee, J. W. J., & Lim, J. F. Y. (2025). Public knowledge, awareness and perception of gut microbiome and faecal microbiota transplantation in Singapore: a survey study. Singapore Medical Journal, 66(8), 439–448. https://doi.org/10.4103/singaporemedj.SMJ-2024-076.

INTRODUCTION
Despite the exponential increase in microbiome research, knowledge and beliefs about the gut microbiome and faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) remain unclear. The aim of this study was to identify the extent of knowledge, awareness and perception among the general public regarding the gut microbiome and FMT.

METHODS
An online questionnaire on knowledge and beliefs about the gut microbiome and FMT was administered to 1831 participants. Data analysis software was used to generate descriptive statistics and explore associations between knowledge and sociodemographic variables.

RESULTS
Even though only 33% of participants had heard of the gut microbiome, more than 92% had consumed probiotic drinks or supplements. While 85% had not heard of the FMT procedure, 72% of respondents would consider having FMT to treat Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). Willingness to receive FMT depended mainly on recommendation from healthcare providers (77%). Knowledge and awareness regarding the gut microbiome and FMT were relatively low, despite most participants having prior gut health-related behaviours.

CONCLUSION
This study identified the public’s perceptions of FMT and the potential barriers to its uptake. Insights from the study highlight the need for health education to enhance acceptance of FMT and the importance of using information supported by medical professionals to immunise the public against poorly validated science.

Keywords. Awareness, faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), gut microbiome, knowledge, perception